大黄中大黄素提取工艺的优化

目的筛选大黄中大黄素提取的最佳工艺条件.方法根据大黄素的理化特性,选取乙醇浓度、提取时间、提取次数等3个因素,进行正交优化试验.结果采用50%乙醇加热回流3次,每次2h为最佳提取工艺条件.结论本工艺合理可行,有利于生产.     

Development and Optimization of Broadband Acoustic Metamaterial Absorber Based on Parallel–Connection Square Helmholtz Resonators

An acoustic metamaterial absorber of parallel–connection square Helmholtz resonators is proposed in this study, and its sound absorption coefficients are optimized to reduce the noise for the given conditions in the factory. A two–dimensional equivalent simulation model is built to obtain the initial value of parameters and a three–dimensional finite element model is constructed to simulate the sound absorption performance of the metamaterial cell, which aims to improve the research efficiency. The optimal parameters of metamaterial cells are obtained through the particle swarm optimization algorithm, and its effectiveness and accuracy are validated through preparing the experimental sample using 3D printing and measuring the sound absorption coefficient by the standing wave tube detection. The consistency between the experimental data and simulation data verifies feasibility of the proposed optimization method and usefulness of the developed acoustic metamaterial absorber, and the desired sound absorption performances for given conditions are achieved. The experimental results prove that parallel–connection square Helmholtz resonators can achieve an adjustable frequency spectrum for the low frequency noise control by parameter optimization, which is propitious to promote its application in reducing the noise in the factory.     

基于智能化平台的医院配电系统安全探讨

结合实例,对医院建设配电安全平台的需求进行分析,阐述了配电安全平台的开发思路及系统功能,总结出应用配电智能化系统的成效.     

冰糖草总黄酮含量测定及显色方法优化

目的:建立用紫外-可见分光光度法测定冰糖草总黄酮含量的方法.方法:对显色剂的种类、浓度与用量进行考察,采用NaNO2-Al(NO3)3-NaOH显色反应体系,测定冰糖草中总黄酮含量.结果:以芦丁为对照品,测定波长为506 nm,在4.8～96.2 mg·L-1线性关系良好(r =0.999 3),平均回收率为103.71％ (RSD 2.68％,n=6).结论:该方法简便、快捷、准确,可作为冰糖草总黄酮含量测定的方法.     

铁皮石斛居群差异的研究ⅡISSR指纹标记方法的建立与优化

目的:针对铁皮石斛ISSR的反应特点,建立稳定可靠的ISSR分子指纹标记反应体系,为进一步研究铁皮石斛的居群差异奠定基础。方法:通过筛选引物并设定影响铁皮石斛ISSR反应的诸因子的不同浓度,检测IS-SR不同反应体系的扩增效果;通过分析非特异性条带的产生原因并进行条件优化,建立铁皮石斛ISSR稳定可靠的反应体系。结果与结论:首次建立了可用于铁皮石斛ISSR-PCR分析的最适宜的反应体系:25μL PCR反应体系中,10×Taq酶配套缓冲液,1.5 U Taq DNA聚合酶,1.2～1.8 mmol.L^-1MgCl₂,80μmol.L^-1dNTP,0.2μmol.L^-1引物,DNA模板约20 ng,退火温度52～60℃;实验表明:Taq酶质量、DNA模板品质、退火温度等对ISSR反应结果具有较大影响。所建立的铁皮石斛ISSR反应体系具有标记位点清晰、反应系统稳定、检测多态性能力较强、重复性好等特点,可以较好地应用于铁皮石斛的居群鉴别及居群分子生态的研究。     

层次分析法用于中药复方提取工艺的多指标权重研究

目的:在多指标优选中药复方提取工艺中建立一种主、客观相结合的确立权重法。方法:采用层次分析法(AHP)确立权重,进行多指标优选的综合评价。结果:一致性检验结果(CR<0.1)表明权重系数合理有效。结论:AHP法简单易行且具有较高的准确性,运用AHP确定权重,更能提高多指标优选中药复方提取工艺的科学性和准确性。     

基于ANN-PSO算法的pH依赖-时滞型地锦草结肠靶向给药微丸制备工艺优化

目的应用人工神经网络结合粒子群优化法(ANN-PSO)筛选地锦草结肠靶向给药微丸制备工艺参数。方法以pH依赖-时滞型地锦草结肠靶向给药微丸的制备为研究模型,薄膜包衣增重、增塑剂与成膜材料用量比为变量,微丸体外释放总评归一值为因变量,应用BP(back-propagation,反向传播)人工神经网络建模,并结合粒子群优化法筛选微丸的处方工艺参数。结果按优化的处方工艺参数制备的地锦草结肠靶向给药微丸,在体外实验中可满足结肠定位释放的要求。结论人工神经网络建模与粒子群法寻优相结合,为解决药物制剂工艺涉及的多维复杂非线性系统的优化问题提供了有效的途径。     

治疗慢性胆囊炎中药小复方优化的思路与方法

目的：以治疗慢性胆囊炎中药小复方为例，探讨均匀设计与正交设计有机结合实施处方剂量配比和结构优化的思路与方法。方法：本文以特征性药效学指标为评价指标，采用均匀设计初步判定处方组成，进而利用正交设计对均匀设计优化结果进行取舍与确定。并依据不同因素自身及相互间交互作用F检验结果及各药性味主治理论，对复方内部的配伍关系加以科学诠释，对组方配伍结果做出合理判定。结果：筛选最佳处方组成及比例为赤芍15g、X17g、枳壳13g、槟榔13g、当归1．8g。结论均匀设计与正交设计相结合，可以克服两者单独为用筛选处方时各自存在的不足，从而获得最佳的筛选结果。     

Formulation Development,Process Optimization,and In Vitro Characterization of Spray-Dried Lansoprazole Enteric Microparticles

This research focuses on the development of enteric microparticles of lansoprazole in a single step by employing the spray drying technique and studies the effects of variegated formulation/process variables on entrapment efficiency and in vitro gastric resistance. Preliminary trials were undertaken to optimize the type of Eudragit and its various levels. Further trials included the incorporation of plasticizer triethyl citrate and combinations of other polymers with Eudragit S 100. Finally, various process parameters were varied to investigate their effects on microparticle properties. The results revealed Eudragit S 100 as the paramount polymer giving the highest gastric resistance in comparison to Eudragit L 100-55 and L 100 due to its higher pH threshold and its polymeric backbone. Incorporation of plasticizer not only influenced entrapment efficiency, but diminished gastric resistance severely. On the contrary, polymeric combinations reduced entrapment efficiency for both sodium alginate and glyceryl behenate, but significantly influenced gastric resistance for only sodium alginate and not for glyceryl behenate. The optimized process parameters were comprised of an inlet temperature of 150°C, atomizing air pressure of 2 kg/cm², feed solution concentration of 6% w/w, feed solution spray rate of 3 ml/min, and aspirator volume of 90%. The SEM analysis revealed smooth and spherical shape morphologies. The DSC and PXRD study divulged the amorphous nature of the drug. Regarding stability, the product was found to be stable under 3 months of accelerated and long-term stability conditions as per ICH Q1A(R2) guidelines. Thus, the technique offers a simple means to generate polymeric enteric microparticles that are ready to formulate and can be directly filled into hard gelatin capsules.     

三脂清中7种成分的含量测定及醇提工艺优化

目的 采用HPLC-MS/MS同时测定蒙药三脂清中胡椒碱、荜茇宁、柯里拉京、没食子酸、鞣花酸、槲皮素、芦丁的含量，并优化三脂清的醇提工艺。方法 采用Shim-pack GIST-HP C₁₈色谱柱（2.1 mm×100 mm，3 mm），以0.1%甲酸水溶液-甲醇为流动相，梯度洗脱，流速为0.25 mL·min^-1，进样量2 μL；质谱采用电喷雾离子源，正、负离子扫描切换，多重反应监测模式进行定量分析。采用L₉（3⁴）正交试验设计，以上述7种成分含量的综合评分为考察指标，以料液比、乙醇浓度、提取时间、提取次数为考察因素进行三脂清醇提工艺优化。结果 三脂清中7种成分的峰面积和质量浓度在一定范围内均呈现良好的线性关系（r ≥ 0.999 1），仪器精密度、重复性、稳定性试验的RSD均<5%；加样回收率为99.54%~105.32%，RSD为1.39%~4.33%。最佳醇提工艺条件为料液比1：8，乙醇浓度40%，提取时间0.5 h，提取3次。3次放大试验验证结果显示，上述7种成分的平均含量分别为9.852，0.587，16.247，3.657，8.663，0.119，0.104 mg·g^-1。结论 建立的方法简便、灵敏、高效，可用于三脂清中多种主要活性成分的含量测定；优化所得的醇提取工艺稳定、可行。